Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2016,7, 1296–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.121
: ATPdepletion; calcium crystallization; cytotoxicity; endocytosis; HeLa cells; LDH; mesenchymal stem cells; morphology; necrosis; particle size; silica nanoparticles; TEM; Introduction
Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiNPs) are used in a wide range of commercially available products to improve product
NP concentration and size over 5 h of exposure in HeLa cells. Figure 7 displays the ATP level of HeLa cells exposed to NPs at 4 different concentrations and measured at time intervals of 60 min. At the lowest NP concentration (50 µg·mL−1, Figure 7A) SiNP-22 induces the highest ATPdepletion effect
regulated but functional ATP synthase. This effect was also shown by Dong et al. claiming that nanoparticles are potential effectors for the down regulation of ATP without inducing apoptosis but necrosis [46]. In the high concentration regime all examined NPs induced similar ATPdepletion levels which
PDF
Figure 1:
Microscopic determination of NP size from TEM image analysis.